'White' fruits, veggies take a bite out of stroke risk

The old adage that "an apple a day keeps the doctor away" is a good one to follow, according to a new Dutch study. The researchers found that eating plenty of fruits and vegetables with white flesh, such as apples and pears, may protect you against stroke. 

"To prevent stroke, it may be useful to consume considerable amounts of white fruits and vegetables," Linda M. Oude Griep, lead author of the study and a postdoctoral fellow in human nutrition at Wageningen University in the Netherlands, said in a statement. "For example, eating one apple a day is an easy way to increase white fruits and vegetable intake." 

Although previous research has shown the positive health benefits of daily fruit intake, the new study suggests a link between stroke risk and fruits and vegetables of certain colors. 

Orange, green and red Researchers looked at the answers 20,000 adults gave to questions about what they ate over the previous year. The average age of the participants was 41, and all were free of cardiovascular diseases at the study's start. 

Over the next 10 years, 233 suffered strokes. The researchers found that the risk of stroke was 52 percent lower for people with a high intake of white fruits and vegetables, compared with people who ate few foods in that color group. 

The researchers classified fruits and vegetables into four color groups: orange/yellow, which contained mostly citrus fruits; green, which had dark leafy vegetables, cabbages and lettuce; red/purple, for mostly red vegetables; and white, of which 55 percent of the foods eaten were apples and pears. 

The fruits were grouped based on the color of their flesh, not their skin. For example, a red apple belongs to the white group because although its skin is red, its flesh is white. 

The color of the edible portion of fruits and vegetables reflects the presence of plant compounds such as carotenoids, which are organic pigments, and flavonoids. 

Food color and stroke risk Apples and pears may lower stroke risk because they are high in dietary fiber and an antioxidant flavonoid called quercetin, the researchers said. Other foods classified in the white category were bananas, cauliflower and cucumbers. (Potatoes were classified as a starch.) 

Green, orange/yellow and red/purple fruits and vegetables didn’t affect participants' stroke risk, according to the study, but the study authors said that people shouldn't dismiss them as less beneficial overall. 

"Other fruits and vegetable color groups may protect against other chronic diseases," Oude Griep said.

The researchers also warned that the study findings should be interpreted with caution because food frequency questionnaires are subject to errors. 

"The observed reduction in stroke risk might further be due to a generally healthier lifestyle of individuals consuming a diet rich in fruits and vegetables," according to Dr. Heike Wersching, of the Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine at the University of Münster in Germany, who was not involved in the study but wrote an editorial accompanying it in publication. 

The study was recently published in Stroke: Journal of the American Heart Association. 

Tags:  stroke, cardiovascular diseases, health and life, healthkingdom

Prenatal Diet and Nutrition Affects Risk of Birth Defects

Research shows that women who keep to a healthy, well-rounded diet during the nine months of pregnancy have a lower chance of delivering babies with birth defects.

 

 

Pregnancy is a special time in a women’s life and requires special attention to diet and lifestyle. In fact, research shows that women who keep to a healthy, well-rounded diet during the nine months of pregnancy have a lower chance of delivering babies with birth defects.

A new study out of Stanford University, published in the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, found that “better maternal diet quality was associated with reduced risk for selected birth defects.”

Reviewing data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, researchers found that pregnant women who ate along the lines of a Mediterranean diet or followed the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Guide Pyramid, had a significantly lower chance of their baby being born with a neural tubedefect or orafacial cleft.

The CDC reports that one in 33 babies is born with a birth defect and one out of every five born with one of those defects perishes as a result, making birth defects the leading cause of death among newborns.

Although genetic defects are possible when one or more of the parents have abnormalities in their genes, most of the children born with a defect do not have a family history of them and are essentially a surprise, but a lot of the common defects can be prevented if the mother takes precautions during pregnancy.

Dr. Peter Nathanielsz, director of the Center for Pregnancy and Newborn Research at the University of Texas' Health Science Center School of Medicine, has noted that early pregnancy is a “critical time window when many of the neurons as well as the supporting cells in the brain are born.”

In addition to birth defects, diet during pregnancy could alter a child's DNA, through a process called epigenetic change, which could lead to a child putting on extra weight later in life. University of Southhampton researchers found that regardless of the normal weight of the mother, her diet—particularly in the first trimester—can effect genetic changes that will make her offspring more likely to gain an excess of fatty tissue.

Tags:  birth defects, orafacial cleft, neural tubedefect